- Menurut Wujudnya
1. Concrete Noun (Benda Nyata)
e.g.: table, chair, car, cat, flower, house
2. Abstract Noun (Benda Tak Nyata)
e.g.: happiness, love, honesty
- Menurut Jumlahnya
1. Countable noun: dapat dihitung
e.g.: table, chair, car, cat, flower, house
2. Uncountable noun: tidak dapat dihitung, harus menggunakan ukuran
e.g.: bread, meat, oil, tea, milk, rice, sand, sugar, water, ice, money
c. Menurut bentuk tunggal (singular) & jamaknya (plural)
regular noun (kata benda beraturan) | irregular noun (kata benda tak beraturan) | ||||
singular | plural | meaning | singular | plural | meaning |
book | books | buku | man | men | pria |
class | classes | kelas | woman | women | wanita |
radio | radios | radio | foot | feet | kaki |
leaf | leaves | daun | mouse | mice | tikus |
city | cities | child | children | anak | |
2. Verb (Kata Kerja)
Verb adalah kata atau frasa yang menyatakan keberadaan, perbuatan, atau pengalaman.
Bila suatu verb menghendaki adanya suatu obyek/pelengkap disebut transitive verb, misalnya: build, cut, find, etc. Sebaliknya bila verb tersebut tidak memerlukan suatu obyek/pelengkap disebut intransitive verb, misalnya arrive, come, cry, go, live, rain, sleep, stay, walk.
Menurut bentuknya, kata kerja dibagi menjadi 2, yaitu regular verb (kata kerja beraturan) & irregular verb (kata kerja tak beraturan).
regular verb (kata kerja beraturan) | irregular verb (kata kerja tak beraturan) | ||||||
V1 | V2 | V3 | meaning | V1 | V2 | V3 | meaning |
work | worked | worked | bekerja | go | went | gone | pergi |
want | wanted | wanted | ingin | get | got | got, gotten | mendapat |
help | helped | helped | menolong | write | wrote | written | menulis |
play | played | played | bermain | teach | taught | taught | mengajar |
ask | asked | asked | bertanya | pay | paid | paid | membayar |
3. Adjective (kata sifat)
Adjective mendeskripsikan noun. Mereka digunakan untuk mendeskripsikan jumlah, urutan, rupa.
ex: clever, lazy, young, old, rich, poor, beautiful, brown, modern, etc.
4. Pronoun (Kata Ganti)
Pronoun digunakan untuk menggantikan noun.
subject pronoun | object pronoun | possessive pronoun | relative pronoun | reflexive pronoun | reciprocal pronoun |
I | me | my | who, which, whom | myself | each other |
you | you | your | yourself | ||
we | us | our | ourselves | ||
they | them | their | themselves | ||
she | her | her | herself | ||
he | him | his | himself | ||
it | it | its | itself |
5. Adverb (Kata Keterangan)
Adverb menambah informasi pada verb, adjective, atau kalimat.
a. Adverb of time (waktu): today, now, yesterday, tomorrow, at 9 o’clock, 3 days ago
b. Adverb of place (tempat): in Cepu, at home
c. Adverb of manner (cara): quickly, calmly, carefully
d. Adverb of degree (tingkat): so clever, too high, very beautiful
e. Adverb of direction (arah): in front of the table, behind the boy, beside the cat, on the table, in the box, above (tidak menempel) the house, below the sky
f. Adverb of sentence (kalimat): actually, generally
6. Kata Bilangan (Numeralia)
Adalah kata yang menyatakan jumlah benda atau jumlah kumpulan atau urutan tempat dari nama-nama benda. Examples: cardinal numbers (one, two, three, four, etc), ordinal numbers (first, second, third, fourth, etc).
7. Conjunction (Kata Sambung)
Conjunction adalah kata yang menghubungkan kata-kata, bagian-bagian kalimat atau menghubungkan kalimat-kalimat. Examples: and, or, but, etc.
8. Preposition (Kata Depan)
Preposition kata yang merangkaikan kata-kata atau bagian kalimat. Examples: about, above, across, after, against, along, among, around, at, before, behind, below, beneath, beside, between, beyond, by, despite, down, during, for, from, in, into, like, near, of, off, on, out, over, since, through, throughout, till, to, under, until, up, upon, with, within, without, etc.
9. Determiner (Kata Sandang)
Determiner tidak mempunyai arti akan tetapi mendeskripsikan noun.examples: a, an, the.
10. Interjection (Kata Seru/Interjeksi)
Interjeksi mengungkapkan semua perasaan dan maksud seseorang, maka kata seru sebenarnya bukanlah kata tetapi semacam kalimat. Examples: Oh My God!, Wow!, Fantastic!
0 komentar:
Posting Komentar